1. 

Hypothermia begins to occur in humans when their core body temperature:

 falls below 94º F.

 falls below 32º F.

 rises above 105º F.

 rises above 120º F.

2. 

According to Allen's Rule, the best suited human body for a hot, tropical region would be one with _________________ legs, fingers, and toes.

a)

short and stocky

b)

long and slender

c)

medium length

3. 

Comparing two animals with the same body shape, we should expect that the larger one has ______________ body mass to skin surface area ratio.

a)

a smaller

b)

a larger

c)

the same

4. 

Which of the following is a method by which human bodies successfully adjust to hot climates?

a)

evaporation of sweat from the skin surface

b)

increased fat layers under the skin for insulation

c)

increased consumption of high calorie foods

d)

A and B

5. 

Sweating is most effective as a cooling mechanism when the air is:

a)

hot and humid

b)

hot and dry

c)

cold and humid

d)

A and B

6. 

Which of the following is likely to occur among individuals who have successfully adjusted to desert environments?

a)

The volume of their urine is reduced.

b)

The salt concentration in their sweat is reduced.

c)

Blood vessels near the surface of their skin dilate, or expand.

d)

all of the above

7. 

Except on very hot, dry days, most human body heat loss is due to:

a)

radiation

b)

evaporative cooling

c)

conduction

8. 

According to Bergmann's Rule, we would expect that the body mass of people from cold climates will be _______________ those from hot ones.

a)

smaller than

b)

larger than

c)

about the same as

9. 

The Inuit people of northern Alaska and Canada keep their bodies warm mostly by:

a)

eating more high calorie food

b)

reducing peripheral blood flow by vasoconstriction

c)

increasing peripheral blood flow by vasodilating

10. 

Which of the following might occur if you are exposed to high temperatures for many days in a desert?

a)

You may develop hypothermia as a result of excessive sweating.

b)

Your core body temperature may go too low which can be life threatening.

c)

You may develop hyperthermia as a result of not eliminating body heat fast enough.

d)

all of the above

11. 

A 19th century naturalist named ___________ observed that among warm-blooded animals, individuals in populations of the same species living in warm climates near the equator tend to have longer limbs than do populations living further away from the equator in colder environments.

a)

Bergmann

b)

Allen

c)

Ju/'hoansi

12. 

What is the effect of shivering?

a)

It speeds up the loss of body heat.

b)

It indirectly produces more body heat.

c)

It has no effect on body heat.

13. 

The Ju/'hoansi of southwestern Africa and the Aborigines of Australia usually respond physiologically to the cold by:

a)

developing thick insulating fat around the vital organs of the chest and abdomen

b)

maintaining high basal metabolic rates throughout the year

c)

wearing thick, insulating clothing and keeping warm in their houses

14. 

Which of the following processes becomes less effective in cooling your body when the weather is hot and humid?

a)

radiation

b)

conduction

c)

evaporative cooling