Credits

Tutorial Menu:

 1.    Two photos of people from around the world and two photos of apes
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada

Overview:

 1.   Photo of an Inuit (Eskimo) living in a polar desert 
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 2. X-ray photo of an early 20th century Chinese woman's bound foot
  public domain (from the U.S. Library of Congress online collection)
 3. Black and white photo of an early 20th century Chinese woman with feet that been bound when she was a child
  public domain (from the U.S. Library of Congress online collection)
 4. Photo of Lillie Langtry from about 1885
  presumed to be in the public domain (see note)
 5. Photo of fashionable high heel shoes
reproduced with permission from IMSI Corporation, San Rafael, California
 6. Photo of an advanced case of marasmus
reproduced with permission from IMSI Corporation, San Rafael, California
 7. Photo of an advance case of kwashiorkor
  public domain (photo ID#6901 from the Public Health Image Library of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
 8. Photo of contemporary tall Japanese
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 9. Photo of tanning as a seasonal acclimatization
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 10. Drawing showing that changing water pressure requires short-term acclimatization
produced by Dennis O'Neil
11. Drawing showing the relationship of long-term, seasonal, and short-term acclimatization in terms of the amount of time it takes for the change to occur
produced by Dennis O'Neil
12. Photo of an FA-18 fighter pilot using cultural technology to adapt to high altitude
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada

Adapting to Climate Extremes:

 1.  Drawing of a thermometer showing hyperthermic, normal, and hypothermic core body temperature ranges
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 2. Function of fever--video clip from Teachers' Domain (copyright 2003 WGBH Educational Foundation)
  reproduced with permission from Teachers' Domain
 3. Drawing of a comparison of cube surface areas and volumes illustrating Bergmann's rule
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 4. Photo of a massive polar bear bodies are predicted by Bergmann's rule
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 5. Drawing of the negative correlation between environmental temperature and body mass in warm blooded animals
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 6. Comparison of different shaped box surface areas and volumes illustrating a corollary of Bergmann's rule relating to body shape
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 7. Photo of a slender East Africans predicted by Allen's rule
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 8. Photo of the processes of body heat loss in a moderate climate 
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada (enhanced by Dennis O'Neil)
 8. Map of Inuit Territory and Tierra del Fuego
produced by Dennis O'Neil
10. Photo of an Inuit man
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
11. Map of !Kung and Australian Aborigine territories
produced by Dennis O'Neil

Adapting to High Altitude:

 1.  Drawing showing that air pressure decreases as altitude increases
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 2. Graph of the initial inefficient response to low oxygen pressure
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 3. Graph of the beginning of successful acclimatization to low oxygen pressure
produced by Dennis O'Neil
 4. Graph of fitness level after successful acclimatization to low oxygen pressure
produced by Dennis O'Neil
  graph illustrating enhanced fitness level after returning to sea level
 5. produced by Dennis O'Neil
 6. Photos of an Andean woman and a Himalayan man
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 7. Photo of climbers at the peak of Mt. Logan, Yukon Territory, Canada (19,850 feet altitude)
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada

Skin Color Adaptation:

 1.   Photos of some of the variation in human skin coloration (Sub-Saharan African, Indian, Southern European, and Northwest European)
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 2. Drawing of a cross section of human skin
produced by Dennis O'Neil (see note)
 3. Photo of an Irish boy who is unable to tan
reproduced with permission from Corel Corporation, Ottawa, Canada
 4. Map of human skin color distribution ca. 1500 A.D.
produced by Dennis O'Neil from "Distribuzione della Varia Intensità del Colore della Pelle" in Renato Biasutti, Le Razze e i Popoli della Terra: Volume Primo--Razze, Popoli e Culture (1959)  (see note)
 5. Video: Nina Jablonski breaks the illusion of skin color (copyright 2009 by TED: Ideas That Work)
  reproduced with Permission from TED

Nutritional Adaptation:

 1.   Got Lactase? The Co-evolution of Genes and Culture (copyright 2013 Howard Hughes Medical Institute)
  linked with permission from HHMI

Glossary:

 1.   Map of Melanesia
produced by Dennis O'Neil

  Return to Last Page 


Copyright © 2000-2013 by Dennis O'Neil. All rights reserved.